The release rate of microparticles with chitosan 19cPs was slower than those microparticles with chitosan 50cPs.
It could be suggested that by increasing the amount of ketoprofen, it improved the entrapment efficiency and the release rate of microparticles.
It could be suggested that by increasing the amount of ketoprofen, it improved the entrapment efficiency and the release rate of microparticles.Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2)-expressing breast cancer patients indicate poor prognosis in disease progression. HER2 overexpression can increase activities of Ras-mitogen activated protein kinase (Ras-MAPK) pathway and Janus Kinase (JAK)-STAT3, increasing breast cancer cell proliferation as demonstrated by marker Ki67. Therapeutic options for HER2-expressing breast cancer arelimited and have major side effects, so anticancer development as an antiproliferative is needed. From previous research, synthetic chemical 4-(-butyl)--carbamoylbenzamide (4TBCB) compound has cytotoxic activity on HER2-expressing breast cancer cells. This study wanted to determine the mechanism 4TBCB compound in inhibiting HER2 signaling through Rat Sarcoma (Ras) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway in HER2-expressing breast cancer cells.
Breast cancer cells were isolated from the biopsy tissue of breast cancer patients. The isolated cells were cultured and given 4TBCB txpressing breast cancer cells.Biomaterials are widely used as drug delivery systems targeting bone tissue, such as to treat bone infectious disease. However, the addition of drugs to biomaterials weakens their mechanical properties. Crosslinkers are compounds that improve the mechanical properties of biomaterials. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/zcl278.html This study aims to determine the effect of glutaraldehyde (GTA) as a crosslinker on the characteristics of bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin-based bone scaffold with gentamicin as antibiotics (BHA-GEL-GEN-GTA).
BHA-GEL-GEN-GTA scaffold with GTA solid content ranging from 0.1 to 1.4wt% was made by direct compression. The compressive strength test was carried out using autograph. Scaffold degradation test was carried out by dissolving the scaffolds in PBS. Scaffold toxicity was performed by MTT assay using BHK-21 fibroblast cells.
There was a significant difference in the scaffolds' compressive strength due to differences in GTA volume. Scaffold crosslinked using GTA with solid content 0.1 and 0.2wt% in 2mL solution had higher compressive strength than those in 1mL solution. Furthermore, GTA with solid content 0.6, 1, 1.2, and 1.4wt% showed higher compressive strength than those without GTA. Degradation test results showed that GTA increased the percentage of weight loss and swelling of the scaffold. The scaffold exhibited a nontoxic profile in MTT assay.
GTA with optimum solid content shows great compressive strength, stable swelling profile with low percentage of scaffold's weight loss, and is considered as nontoxic.
GTA with optimum solid content shows great compressive strength, stable swelling profile with low percentage of scaffold's weight loss, and is considered as nontoxic.This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals on prescribing errors.
This was a cross-sectional study employing a questionnaire that consisted of 12 items on knowledge and 10 items on healthcare professionals' attitudes toward errors in prescribing process. The participants responded to the questionnaire with a 5-Likert scale of agreement. The domains assessed in the questionnaire were respondents' knowledge and attitudes on prescribing errors, professionals responsible for the errors, and professionals' competence on drug dose adjustment. Additionally, the questionnaire had two case scenarios to further assess the healthcare professionals' knowledge of prescribing errors. There were 300 questionnaires administered to physicians, nurses, and pharmacists who attended conferences in Denpasar from July to October 2019.
There were 30 physicians, 58 nurses, and 69 pharmacists who responded to the survey. A response rate of 52.3% (157/300) was obtained. All healthcare prfessionals should have the competency.
All healthcare professionals understood that medication errors may occur during the prescribing process but showed different attitudes on professionals who had competence in drug dose calculation. They emphasize the need to have a standardized prescription format for medication with dose changes. The respondents also recommend having regular training on medication safety for healthcare professionals.
All healthcare professionals understood that medication errors may occur during the prescribing process but showed different attitudes on professionals who had competence in drug dose calculation. They emphasize the need to have a standardized prescription format for medication with dose changes. The respondents also recommend having regular training on medication safety for healthcare professionals.Amblyopia is a decrease of visual acuity that cannot be attributed to any structural abnormality of the eye or visual system, causing a partial or complete loss of vision due to inadequate stimulation in early life. Citicoline has been reported to improve visual acuity in amblyopic eyes as adjuvant treatment. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of citicoline in pediatric patients with refractive amblyopia in ophthalmology daily practices.
This was a retrospective-descriptive study with a time limited sampling method. This study was conducted at Surabaya Eye Clinic, East Java, Indonesia, by reviewing medical records for the period of January 2018 to December 2019.
A total of 34 eyes were included in the study with the majority aged five years (41.2%) and six years (35.3%). The severity of amblyopia varied among patients, 21 eyes (61.76%) had mild amblyopia, seven eyes (20.59%) had moderate amblyopia, and two eyes (5.88%) had severe amblyopia. The duration of given therapy also varied, 18 eyes (52.94%) were given 3 months therapy, two eyes were given 4months therapy, 12 eyes were given 6 months therapy, and two eyes were given 8months therapy. Citicoline was found effective in mild and moderate amblyopia and for the duration of 3 and 6 months (p&lt;0.05). In others group who did not showed statistically significant improvement was due to inadequate samples but clinically significant improvement was noted.
Citicoline therapy resulted in a clinically and statistically improvement in refractive amblyopia patients.
Citicoline therapy resulted in a clinically and statistically improvement in refractive amblyopia patients.